H. Weber et al., DINOR-OXO-PHYTODIENOIC ACID - A NEW HEXADECANOID SIGNAL IN THE JASMONATE FAMILY, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United Statesof America, 94(19), 1997, pp. 10473-10478
Jasmonic acid and its precursors are potent regulatory molecules in pl
ants, We devised a method for the simultaneous extraction of these com
pounds from plant leaves to quantitate changes in the levels of jasmon
ate family members during health and on wounding, During our study, we
identified a novel 16-carbon cyclopentenoic acid in leaf extracts fro
m Arabidopsis and potato, The new compound, a member of the jasmonate
family of signals, was named dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid, Dinor-oxo-ph
ytodienoic acid was not detected in the Arabidopsis mutant fad5, which
is incapable of synthesizing 7Z,10Z,13Z-hexadecatrienoic acid (16:3),
suggesting that the metabolite is derived directly from plastid 16:3
rather than by beta-oxidation of the 18-carbon 12-oxo-phytodienoic aci
d, Simultaneous quantitation of jasmonate family members in healthy le
aves of Arabidopsis and potato suggest that different plant species ha
ve different relative levels of jasmonic acid, oxo-phytodienoic acid,
and dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid. We term these profiles ''oxylipin sig
natures.'' Dinor-oxo-phytodienoic acid levels increased dramatically i
n Arabidopsis and potato leaves on wounding, suggesting roles in wound
signaling, Treatment of Arabidopsis with micromolar levels of dinor-o
xo-phytodienoic acid increased the ability of leaf extracts to transfo
rm linoleic acid into the alpha-ketol 13-hydroxy-12-oxo-9(Z) octadecen
oic acid indicating that the compound can regulate part of its own bio
synthetic pathway, Tightly regulated changes in the relative levels of
biologically active jasmonates may permit sensitive control over meta
bolic, developmental, and defensive processes in plants.