We present a case of cat-scratch disease in a 9-year-old girl, complic
ated by encephalopathy and seizures. Bartonella (formerly Rochalimaea)
henselae is the causative agent in cat-scratch disease; methods now a
vailable for detection of this pleomorphic, gram-negative bacterium, i
ncluding polymerase chain reaction amplification and indirect fluoresc
ence antibody testing, may lead to changes in standard criteria used t
o verify a diagnosis of cat-scratch disease.