Pj. Morokoff et al., SEXUAL ASSERTIVENESS SCALE (SAS) FOR WOMEN - DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION, Journal of personality and social psychology, 73(4), 1997, pp. 790-804
Four studies were conducted to develop and validate the Sexual Asserti
veness Scale (SAS), a measure of sexual assertiveness in women that co
nsists of factors measuring initiation, refusal, and pregnancy-sexuall
y transmitted disease prevention assertiveness. A total of 1,613 women
from both university and community populations were studied. Confirma
tory factor analyses demonstrated that the 3 factors remained stable a
cross samples of university and community women. A structural model wa
s tested in 2 samples, indicating that sexual experience, anticipated
negative partner response, and self-efficacy are consistent predictors
of sexual assertiveness. Sexual assertiveness was found to be somewha
t related to relationship satisfaction, power, and length. The communi
ty sample was retested after 6 months and 1 year to establish test-ret
est reliability. The SAS provides a reliable instrument for assessing
and understanding women's sexual assertiveness.