This case-control study evaluated the mortality and morbidity in patie
nts with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who underwent open heart surge
ry, as compared with matched control patients. Outcome measures includ
ed length of use of ventilators, vasopressor agents, number of blood u
nits transfused, chest tube output, and length of stay. Hospital lengt
h of stay was longer in patients with renal failure, but overall morbi
dity and mortality were not statistically different. Conclusions inclu
de that elective open heart surgery can be performed safely in ESRD pa
tients using routine perioperative management.