LONGEVITY IN OBESE AND LEAN MALE AND FEMALE RATS OF THE ZUCKER STRAIN- PREVENTION OF HYPERPHAGIA

Zucker obese (fa/fa) and lean (Fa/Fa) rats were fed a soy protein diet ad libitum under barrier conditions from 4 wk of age until death. Obe se rats were also pair fed with lean controls to prevent hyperphagia. Time of death was determined and tissues collected at necropsy for his tologic examination. Lean rats had longer 10th percentile survivorship (males 966 compared with 667 d, females 983 compared with 620 d) and maximum life spans (males 1067 compared with 803 d, females 1163 compa red with 744 d) than did obese rats. Preventing hyperphagia increased maximum life span in both males (1010 d) and females (975 d). Patholog ies in lean rats were similar to those reported for other rodent strai ns. For obese rats fed ad libitum, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was the major cause of mortality (males: 91.1%, females: 93.3%). Preventio n of hyperphagia decreased deaths attributable to ESRD (males: 64.4%, females: 51.1%). A smaller restriction in energy intake (8-18%) requir ed to prevent hyperphagia compared with the 35-40% in most other studi es produced similar increases in longevity, suggesting that obese Zuck er rats are particularly sensitive to energy restriction. Amelioration of early onset of renal disease is a likely explanation. Percentage b ody fat in food-restricted obese rats did not differ from that of anim als fed ad libitum; thus, reduced longevity is not the result of obesi ty per se, but rather is influenced by other metabolic pathologies occ urring in this strain of rats homozygous for the Sa gene. Because micr oalbuminuria with progression to ESRD is a complication in human obesi ty, the Zucker strain offers the opportunity to investigate initiating mechanisms of this pathology.