Following a succession of brief overviews of national vocational train
ing and education (VET) systems highlighting diversity in the way diff
erent systems are structured and managed, this article seeks to identi
fy converging trends as between countries with different cultural back
grounds and at different stages of economic development. The author ar
gues that in spite of such differences, countries reforming their VET
systems face the same basic questions and often appear to be coming up
with the same answers, for example, stronger links between institutio
nal and on-the-job training; more recourse to alternating training in
institutions and enterprises, and greater autonomy in the management a
nd financing of VET institutions.