This paper identifies the need for a new range of end effectors suitab
le for handling non-rigid products in the food industry. The mechanica
l properties and handling difficulties of food products are introduced
. Hygiene and the hygienic requirements in the food industry are discu
ssed in detail from a consumer health and a safety point of view. The
usage of automation and robotics in the manufacturing industry and foo
d industry am briefly introduced The end effectors which are available
are discussed from the usage point of view in the food sector Finally
a novel end effector is introduced with fundamental working principle
s and examples given of applications of the end effector used with act
ual food products. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.