PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESOL RESINS STUDIED BY C-13-NMR SPECTROSCOPY, GEL-PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY, AND DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY

Authors
HOLOPAINEN T ALVILA L RAINIO J PAKKANEN TT
Citation
T. Holopainen et al., PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESOL RESINS STUDIED BY C-13-NMR SPECTROSCOPY, GEL-PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY, AND DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY, Journal of applied polymer science, 66(6), 1997, pp. 1183-1193
Citations number
31
Categorie Soggetti
Polymer Sciences
Journal title
Journal of applied polymer science → ACNP
ISSN journal
00218995
Volume
66
Issue
6
Year of publication
1997
Pages
1183 - 1193
Database
ISI
SICI code
0021-8995(1997)66:6<1183:PRRSBC>2.0.ZU;2-L
Abstract
A series of phenol-formaldehyde resins was produced in the presence of NaOH catalyst. Detailed structural and quantitative information was p rovided by C-13-NMR spectroscopy. The main interests were the relative quantities of bridge structures, methylol groups, and free phenol. Fu nctionality and linearity of resins were also studied. The effects of the condensation F/P molar ratio on the structure and properties of th e resins was studied by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and differ ential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in addition to C-13-NMR. (C) 1997 Jo hn Wiley & Sons, Inc.