A major goal of overhead transmission line design is to achieve a mini
mum cost for a given level of reliability and safety. The greatest unc
ertainty in this process is in foundation design. Recognizing this opp
ortunity to improve the economics of transmission line design, the Ele
ctric Power Research Institute (EPRI) has sponsored, since 1977, a com
prehensive program of activities in foundation design. Since little hi
gh quality foundation test data existed, a recent task involved perfor
ming well documented full-scale load tests of drilled shafts and direc
t embedment Pole foundations for single transmission line poles partia
lly or totally socketed in rock and subjected to high lateral forces a
nd overturning moments. A summary of the results obtained for fourteen
load tests is presented. Based on the load tests , a provisional desi
gn guideline is also proposed.