We report the MR imaging findings in two children with glutaric acidur
ia type I (GA I). It is important to consider this disorder in the dif
ferential diagnosis in a child presenting with an unclear hydrocephalu
s or atrophy. The imaging findings consist of basal ganglia changes, f
rontotemporal atrophy, and retarded myelination. A definite diagnosis
with an urine test and a dietary treatment can avoid encephalopathy wi
th irreversible changes.