Delivery of drugs to the nervous system remains a challenge despite ad
vances in our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the developm
ent of neurodegenerative disorders and the actions of neuroactive agen
ts. Drug accessibility to the central nervous system is limited by the
blood-brain barrier; although the peripheral nervous system is more a
ccessible than the central nervous system, problems are still encounte
red, mainly owing to the poor stability and considerable side effects
of many neuroactive compounds when administered systemically. Microenc
apsulation of neuroactive compounds and living cells producing such su
bstances can overcome some of these shortcomings for delivery to the n
ervous system.