Okd. Kpindou et al., INVESTIGATION ON THE USE OF A BIOLOGICAL INSECTICIDE BASED ON METARHIZIUM FLAVOVIRIDE FOR THE CONTROL OF GRASSHOPPERS IN MALI, Journal of applied entomology, 121(5), 1997, pp. 285-291
Metarhizium flavoviride Gams & Rozsypal (Deuteromycotinae; Hyphomycete
s) was produced in diphasic culture, firstly in a sucrose-yeast medium
, with sporulation on rice. Spores were extracted in kerosene or sieve
d and dried. For application, the spores were formulated with a mixtur
e of peanut oil and kerosene. The spore formulation was applied with s
pinning disk sprayers at Ultra-Low Volume. From 1992 to 1994 several s
pecies of grasshoppers were treated with this formulation containing M
. flavoviride conidia. Field applications resulted in mortality rates
of 92% for Oedaleus senegalensis (Orth., Acrididae) (Krauss) treated w
ith the Niger strain (IMI 330189) kept in field cages in 1992. In 1993
, experiments compared two strains of M. flavoviride, the Niger strain
(IMI 330189) and one from Mall (I92-794). Mortality rates obtained fo
r samples incubated in cages were between 31% and 93%, respectively, f
or IMI 330189 (Day 0) and I92-794 (Day 3) for Kravsella amabile (Orth.
, Acrididae) (Krauss). Field applications in 1994 resulted in cage mor
tality rates between 50% and 99% for O. senegalensis and K. amabile, r
espectively when treated with IMI 330189 and I92-794, with between 26%
and 83% of dead insects showing external sporulation. Field counts in
the 1994 experiment showed a population reduction of 85%.