VALUE OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS DETECTION BY PCR IN BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE ROUTINELY PERFORMED IN ASYMPTOMATIC BONE-MARROW RECIPIENTS

In order to compare PCR with rapid virus culture for the early detecti on of CMV in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) after bone marrow transplant ation, 26 asymptomatic patients were routinely evaluated for the prese nce of CMV on day 35 using these two techniques. Concurrent blood samp les were also analyzed in all cases. CMV was detected synchronously by both culture and PCR in six of 26 (23%) BAL and in five of 26 (19%) b lood specimens. Among these positive specimens, three BAL and blood sa mples were positive in the same patients. Five (19%) BAL and five (19% ) blood samples were culture-negative but PCR-positive. No BAL or bloo d specimens were positive by culture alone. When considering matched B AL-blood samples, five were positive in only one fluid, BAL (n = 3) or blood (n = 2) using culture, while seven were positive in only one fl uid, BAL (n = 4) or blood (n = 3) using PCR. Overall, six of 26 (23%) patients had culture-negative but PCR-positive results. Three of these six patients were positive only in BAL and two of them subsequently r eceived antiviral therapy for development of symptoms suggestive of CM V infection. We suggest that asymptomatic patients with negative-cultu re but PCR-positive results on day 35 in BAL should be subsequently cl osely monitored for the presence of CMV.