Conductive hearing loss (CHL) usually is amenable to surgical correcti
on. At times, patients with CHL may not be candidates for surgical cor
rection, or they may refuse to undergo the procedure. In such a situat
ion, the patient should be encouraged to try hearing aids, either conv
entional or bone conduction, depending on the pathologic condition. Af
ter a discussion of bone-conduction implantable hearing aids, the arti
cle discusses congenital aural atresia, otosclerosis, and the manageme
nt of CHL after infratemporal fossa approach and transtemporal approac
hes.