Two morphologically and ecologically distinctive, woody Hybanthus spec
ies from Central America are described, illustrated, and mapped. Hyban
thus denticulatus inhabits lowland rainforest from northern Nicaragua
to eastern Panama and is allied to Mexican and Guatemalan H. elatus. H
ybanthus hespericlivus is restricted to mid-elevation forest on the we
stern mountain slopes of northern Costa Pica and resembles Panamanian
H. jefensis and northern Mesoamerican H. sylvicola. A key to Central A
merican species of Hybanthus is provided.