The baby boom generation is now well into middle age, and over the nex
t few decades will reach old age. As the boom generation grows old the
costs of maintaining existing social support systems will rise, and t
he ability or willingness to sustain those systems has been called int
o question. In this paper we discuss a number of issues related broadl
y to population aging in Canada and the associated social ''costs,'' i
ncluding the costs of public services. We conclude that while populati
on-related cost increases should be expected, and reallocations of res
ources required, the overall increases should be of manageable proport
ions.