In order to obtain exact distributional results without imposing restr
ictive parametric assumptions, several rank counterparts of the Dickey
-Fuller statistic are considered. In particular, a rank counterpart of
the score statistic is suggested which appears to have attractive the
oretical properties. Assuming i.i.d. errors, an exact test is obtained
for a random walk model with drift and under assumptions similar to P
hillips and Perron (1988) the test is asymptotically valid. In a Monte
Carlo study the rank tests are compared with their parametric counter
parts. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.