Recent times have seen a significant reorientation in public funding f
or academic research across many countries. Public bodies in the UK ha
ve been at the forefront of such activities, typically justified in te
rms of a need to meet the challenges of international competitiveness
and improve quality of life. One set of mechanisms advanced for furthe
r achieving these goals is the incorporation of users' needs into vari
ous aspects of the research process. This paper examines some of the c
onsequences of greater user involvement in the UK Economic and Social
Research Council by drawing on both empirical evidence and more specul
ative argumentation. In doing so it poses some of the dilemmas for con
ceptualizing proper user involvement.