Issue is taken with Dawkins and Krebs's (1978) conception of communica
tion as being by nature manipulative and with Cronk's proposals concer
ning the evolution of morality, both of which are grounded in evolutio
nary biology. An alternative view, which recognizes that which humanit
y has in common with other species but which emphasizes humanity's dis
tinctiveness, is offered to account for religion and morality.