This work contains three major components: a thorough review on the re
search emphasizing engineering applications of the thermal wave theory
, special features in thermal wave propagation, and the thermal wave m
odel in relation to the microscopic two-step model. For the sake of co
nvenience, the research works are classified according to their indivi
dual emphases. Special features in thermal wave propagation include th
e sharp wavefront and rate effects, the thermal shock phenomenon, the
thermal resonance phenomenon, and reflections and refractions of therm
al waves across a material interface. By employing the dual-phase-lag
concept, we show that the energy equation may be reduced to that gover
ning the heat transport through the metal lattice in the microscopic t
wo-step model. The dual-phase-lag concept can thus capture the microsc
opic mechanisms in some limiting cases.