THE MODERN FACE OF PREJUDICE AND STRUCTURAL FEATURES THAT MODERATE THE EFFECT OF COOPERATION ON AFFECT

Facial muscle activity and self-reports were examined for racial bias in 3 studies. In the first 2 experiments, White participants imagined cooperating with a Black or White partner. Experiment 1 manipulated re ward structure in the context of cooperating with a deficient partner. Experiment 2 manipulated partner deficiency and willingness to expend compensatory effort. On both facial EMG and self-report measures, joi nt rewards produced more negative affect than independent rewards. How ever, all partners were liked more when they were willing to try to co mpensate for their deficits. In addition, more liking was reported for Black partners, but EMG activity indicated bias against Blacks. Exper iment 3 investigated individual differences in prejudice. Again, a gre ater preference for Blacks than Whites occurred on self-report measure s, but in their facial muscle activity, high-prejudiced participants e xhibited bias against Blacks.