We present both modeled capabilities of and experimental data from a D
oppler lidar for the stratosphere and the lower mesosphere that uses t
he edge of a molecular iodine filter in a differential measurement to
provide frequency discrimination. Modeled results show a capability fo
r wind measurements to an altitude of 55 km with 1.5-km resolution in
30 min. Experimentally, wind-vector components from 18 to 45 km are me
asured every 20 min. The molecular-vapor filter provides great advanta
ges with regard to system stability; operation in less-than-optimum we
ather conditions, and simplicity of data analysis. (C) 1997 Optical So
ciety of America.