J. Chauveheid, A PROPOSAL FOR A QUADRATIC ELECTROMAGNETIC COUPLING BASED ON THE UNDERLYING PHILOSOPHY OF EINSTEIN-MAXWELL THEORY, Physics essays, 10(3), 1997, pp. 474-482
A theory is proposed in which torsion is coupled to massive matter thr
ough electromagnetism. Spin, characterized by a relativistic speed, is
a source of binding energy. An equation of motion is derived independ
ently of the field equations and predicts new interactions, which enab
les one to determine an eventual relationship between torsion and spin
. A dual Lagrangian based on a complex scalar field gives a Hamiltonia
n in which terms such as Dirac's magnetic dipole and spin-orbit energi
es are retrieved.