COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETICS OF DIRITHROMYCIN AND ERYTHROMYCIN IN NORMAL VOLUNTEERS WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO ACCUMULATION IN POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES AND IN SALIVA
Hf. Geerdesfenge et al., COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETICS OF DIRITHROMYCIN AND ERYTHROMYCIN IN NORMAL VOLUNTEERS WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO ACCUMULATION IN POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES AND IN SALIVA, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 53(2), 1997, pp. 127-133
Objective: In a randomized cross-over study, we assessed pharmacokinet
ics and intracellular concentrations in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (
PMN) and saliva of erythromycin and erythromycylamine, the active meta
bolite of dirithromycin.Methods: Tell healthy volunteers received Ig e
rythromycin b.i.d. or 500 mg dirithromycin qd for 5 days (wash out per
iod, 35 days). Concentrations of erythromycin and erythromycylamine we
re measured in serum, urine, saliva, and granulocytes by bioassay and
high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on days 1, 3, and 5 of e
ach study period, respectively. Results: While maximal serum concentra
tions (C-max) and the area under the data (AUD(tot)) of erythromycin w
ere significantly higher (C-max 1.44 mg . l(-1), AUD(tot) 5.66 mg . h
. l(-1)) than those of erythromycylamine (C-max 0.29 mg . l(-1), AUD(t
ot) 1.96 mg . h . l(-1)), erythromycylamine had a significantly higher
mean residence lime (21 h) than erythromycin (5.5 h). Erythromycylami
ne significantly more in PMN than the accumulation factor of erythromy
cylamine was 100 with a maximal intracellular concentration of 13.4 mg
. l(-1), whereas the maximal accumulation factor of erythromycin was
4 with a maximal intracellular concentration of 6.1 mg . l(-1). There
were no significant differences in maximal saliva concentrations (eryt
hromycin 0.35 mg . l(-1) erythromycylamine 0.31mg . l(-1)).