Sr. Axelrod et al., RELATIONS OF 5-FACTOR MODEL ANTAGONISM FACETS WITH PERSONALITY-DISORDER SYMPTOMATOLOGY, Journal of personality assessment, 69(2), 1997, pp. 297-313
The Five-Factor Model of Personality (FFM) has been used to conceptual
ize personality disorders as maladaptive variants of normal personalit
y traits. This study assessed the convergence of 6 lower order traits,
or facets, of FFM agreeableness versus antagonism (trust, straightfor
wardness, altruism, compliance, modesty, and tender-mindedness) with a
ntisocial, borderline, narcissistic, paranoid, and passive-aggressive
personality traits. Interview-based scores for all of the antagonism f
acets except compliance demonstrated the expected relations with these
personality disorder traits. Results for self-reported facet scores w
ere less clearly supportive, only yielding convergence for straightfor
wardness and altruism with respect to antisocial traits. It is suggest
ed that future investigations of the FFM, or other normal personality
trait models, and personality disorder symptomatology include analyses
at the lower order trait level.