Fa. Papoulias et Bd. Mckinley, INVERTED PENDULUM STABILIZATION OF SUBMARINES IN FREE POSITIVE BUOYANCY ASCENT, Journal of ship research, 38(1), 1994, pp. 71-82
The problem of steady-state vertical ascent of a submarine with excess
buoyancy is analyzed. All possible vertical plane solutions are compu
ted and their stability is established in both in-plane and out-of-pla
ne perturbations. Divergence of trajectories, sensitivity of solutions
to initial conditions, and stable inverted pendulum configurations ar
e shown to exist for certain ranges of parameters.