G. Bianchi et al., SIGMA-INDUCTIVE INTERACTION THROUGH UP TO 14 SATURATED C-C BONDS, Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, (5), 1994, pp. 627-628
Analysis of the NMR shifts of unsaturated carbon atoms in monounsatura
ted linear long-chain esters and acids, including new data from jojoba
oil, rules out any explanation in terms of an 'electric field effect'
, but is semiquantitatively consistent with a 'sigma-inductive' mechan
ism, having an attenuation factor of 1.75 per saturated C-C bond.