We define and study a high-level language for describing actions, more
expressive than the action language A introduced by Gelfond and Lifsc
hitz. The new language, AR, allows us to describe actions with indirec
t effects (ramifications), nondeterministic actions, and actions that
may be impossible to execute. It has symbols for nonpropositional flue
nts and for the fluents that are exempt from the commonsense law of in
ertia. Temporal projection problems specified using the language AR ca
n be represented as nested abnormality theories based on the situation
calculus. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.