GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONG MANAGERS AND NONMANAGERS - AN ANALYSIS OF ASSESSMENT DATA

This study examined gender differences among both middle-and lower-lev el managers, and among nonmanagers, in terms of abilities, social skil ls, values, needs, managerial aptitude, temperament, personality, and interests. Many significant gender differences were found, but these d ifferences decreased as managerial level increased. The differences be tween male managers and female managers in general were more pronounce d in temperament, personality, needs, and interests than in managerial aptitude, ability, and values. Greater differences were found between male and female nonmanagers than between male and female managers.