Social insurance officers, through their work with rehabilitation, hav
e become an important part of the welfare state. The aim of this study
was to explore the nature of the dilemmas they experience in their da
ily work using the critical incident technique. Dilemmas reported conc
erned 1) cooperation with other agents in the rehabilitation process,
2) internal social insurance routines and 3) direct client management.
Consequences of dilemmas were delayed handling, extra work, emotional
strain and ethical conflicts. The dilemmas were handled through conti
nued rehabilitation, coordination measures and decision-making. The fi
ndings showed the division of medical investigation and benefit decisi
on in two authorities, the lack of education in behavioral sciences am
ong the officers and divergent goals in different authorities. Further
studies are needed on the rehabilitation process as well as the daily
practice of social insurance officers.