FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SERUM LEVELS OF ESTRADIOL AND SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN AMONG PREMENOPAUSAL JAPANESE WOMEN

We measured serum levels of estradiol (E-2) and sex hormone-binding gl obulin (SHBG) among 50 healthy premenopausal Japanese women in 1994 in Gifu, Japan, to investigate the relationships between potential risk factors for breast cancer and hormone levels. Using a self-administere d questionnaire, we collected data on body size, physical activity, an d previous disease history, as well as menstrual and reproductive hist ories of the woman and her mother. Blood samples were drawn from each subject on the 11th and 22nd days of her menstrual cycle. Higher serum E-2 levels were observed for women with shorter menstrual cycles. Age as well as cycle length were included in the regression models to det ermine the associations between hormone levels and study variables. Bo dy mass index (BMI) was inversely related to SHBG level measured at th e 11th day of the cycle, after adjusting for age and cycle length (r = -0.33; p = 0.03). Women born in spring/summer had higher levels of E- 2 on the 22nd day (p = 0.07) and higher levels of SHBG on both the 11t h and 22nd days of the cycle (p = 0.01 and p = 0.06, respectively) tha n those born in other seasons. Physical activity at 13-15 years of age was inversely related to E-2 level on the 11th day of the cycle after controlling for age, cycle length, BMI, and birth month (r = -0.35; p = 0.04).