SIDE-EFFECT PROFILE OF AZATHIOPRINE IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC-SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS

Various findings suggest auto-immune changes in schizophrenia. We have recently demonstrated that platelets from schizophrenic patients bear autoantibodies (PAA) which cross-react with brain antigens. According ly, treatment of schizophrenia with an immunosuppressant might be of p otential benefit. In a recent case study, a chronic schizophrenic pati ent treated with azathioprine has demonstrated a clear psychiatric imp rovement preceded by a decrease in PAA level. A phase I study designed for assessing side-effects of short-term azathioprine treatment in a group of schizophrenic patients is described here, From a group of 40 chronic non-responsive patients, 14 patients demonstrating high PAA le vel have entered the study and Il have complied all along, Two groups were tested in parallel, In the first (6 patients) 150 mg/day was give n for 7 weeks while in the second (5 patients) the same regimen was gi ven for two periods of 7 weeks with an interval of 6 weeks. Blood bioc hemistry and cell count, as well as determination of PAA were carried out weekly, starting 3 weeks before the trial and continuing up to 7 w eeks after the treatment, Two out of 11 patients developed leucopenia in week 4. No other side-effects were recorded in any of the patients. A substantial reduction in PAA was observed in 3 out of 6 patients in group I and 4 out of 5 in group II. Two patients showed improvement o f psychiatric symptomatology, Our results demonstrate that short-term azathioprine treatment induces transient leucopenia in 18% of the pati ents recieving the drug, much alike the percentage reported for other patient populations.