An unusual malignant mesenchymal tumor arising in the liver of a 2-yea
r-old cat is described. Histologically, the tumor showed considerable
variation in growth pattern, cellularity, and cell types. Phenotypical
diversity was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, showing expression o
f desmin, vimentin, S-100, and neuron-specific enolase in various area
s of the tumor On the basis of histopathology, immunohistochemistry, e
lectron microscopy, and gross morphology, the tumor was classified as
botryoid-type embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Differential diagnosis inclu
ded so-called undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver, a rar
e tumor of the pediatric age group in humans. Problems of tumor hetero
geneity and differentiation in mesenchymal tumors are discussed.