N. Eriksson et al., SURFACE-EMITTING UNSTABLE-RESONATOR LASERS WITH INTEGRATED DIFFRACTIVE BEAM-FORMING ELEMENTS, IEEE photonics technology letters, 9(12), 1997, pp. 1570-1572
Grating-coupled surface emitting semiconductor lasers have been integr
ated with focusing and spot array generating diffractive beam-forming
elements, The lasers have an unstable resonator producing a 160-mu m-w
ide single spatial mode. The area of the outcoupler element is 160 mu
m x 240 mu m, For an outcoupler focusing at 500 mu m above the surface
the spot size is 9 mu m x 17 mu m, The spot size is primarily limited
by aberrations in the wavefront of the guided mode.