H. Kashiwazaki et al., HIGH-FREQUENCY OF P53 MUTATIONS IN HUMAN ORAL EPITHELIAL DYSPLASIA AND PRIMARY SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA DETECTED BY YEAST FUNCTIONAL ASSAY, Oncogene, 15(22), 1997, pp. 2667-2674
To determine the timing and actual incidence of p53 mutations in oral
epithelial lesions, we examined 33 primary squamous cell carcinomas (S
CCs), 14 dysplasias and six hyperplasias from Japanese patients by a c
ombination of yeast functional assay and DNA sequencing, The assay det
ects mutations of p53 mRNA between codons 67 and 347 on the basis of t
he DNA-binding activity of the protein, Twenty-six SCCs (79%) and five
dysplasias (36%) were positive for p53 mutation, while all six hyperp
lasias were negative for the mutation, Human papillomavirus type 16 E6
mRNA was detected in one of seven p53 mutation-negative SCCs by rever
se transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), We further examin
ed p53 mutations in 17 Sri Lankan oral SCCs using the yeast functional
assay and the single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of PCR
-amplified DNA fragments (PCR-SSCP) of exon 5-8. The mutations were co
nfirmed by DNA sequencing and the detection sensitivity was compared b
etween the two methods, Six samples (35%) were positive for p53 mutati
on in PCR-SSCP analysis, while nine samples (53%) were positive in yea
st functional assay, This suggests that the incidence of p53 mutations
has been considerably underestimated in the conventional SSCP analysi
s, The present data indicate that p53 mutations are extremely frequent
in oral cancers in the Japanese, and suggest that the timing and sign
ificance of p53 mutation in oral tumor progression vary in different e
thnic populations and areas.