T. Taskinen et al., MOISTURE AND MOLD PROBLEMS IN SCHOOLS AND RESPIRATORY MANIFESTATIONS IN SCHOOLCHILDREN - CLINICAL AND SKIN-TEST FINDINGS, Acta paediatrica, 86(11), 1997, pp. 1181-1187
Objective: We performed a clinical study in 99 children attending scho
ols with moisture problems and compared the findings with those of 34
children from a reference school. The aim of the study was to evaluate
the possible association between respiratory or allergic diseases in
the pupils and moisture or mould problems in the school buildings. Res
ults: Asthma was diagnosed in nine (6.7%) children: eight of them came
from the moisture-problem schools and all were over 10 y old. In addi
tion, 17 non-asthmatic children had suffered from wheezing and 21 from
long-term cough, both symptoms being suggestive of occult asthma. If
moisture problems were observed both at home and in the school, the fr
equency of asthma was 21% and the combined frequency of asthma and whe
ezing was 43%. The presence of allergic rhinoconjuntivitis or atopic d
ermatitis had no association with moisture or mould problems. We perfo
rmed skin-prick tests to 13 moulds in all the 133 children. A positive
reaction (> 3 mm) was observed in only six (5%) of them. All six posi
tive children reacted to at least one moisture-indicative mould, Fusar
ium roseum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Phoma herbarum or Rhodotorula rubra
. None of these cases came from the reference school. There was a sign
ificant association between positive reactions to moisture-indicative
moulds and asthma; four (44%) of the nine children with asthma had suc
h reactions. In addition, all the 6 reactive children had either asthm
a or wheezing. Conclusions: We report preliminary evidence for an asso
ciation between moisture or mould problems in the school building and
the presence of manifest and occult asthma in the pupils. Our results
show that skin-test positivity to moulds is rare in children. However,
reactivity to moisture-indicative moulds seems to be associated with
the occurrence of asthma or wheezing.