More than 3,000 hemodialysis patients were examined with single-freque
ncy bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Distributions of resistanc
e, reactance, phase angle (PA), and estimates of total body water (TBW
) and body cell mass (BCM) by BIA were determined, and compared with t
raditional laboratory markers of nutritional status. Bioimpedance para
meters and body composition estimates differed significantly by age, s
ex, race, and diabetic status. PA and BCM correlated directly with ser
um creatinine, albumin, and prealbumin concentrations. Population-base
d norms for bioimpedance parameters and estimates of body composition
are provided.