Se. Gibson et al., SYNTHESIS OF CONFORMATIONALLY CONSTRAINED PHENYLALANINE ANALOGS VIA 7-ENDO, 8-ENDO AND 9-ENDO HECK CYCLIZATIONS, Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions. I, (4), 1997, pp. 447-455
The novel conformationally constrained phenylalanine analogues 2,3,4,5
-tetrahydro-1N-3-benzazepine-2-carboxylic acid (Sic) 1,1,2,3,4,5,6-hex
ahydro-3-benzazocine-2-carboxylic acid (Hic) 2 and ,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydr
o-1N-3-benzazonine-2-carboxylic acid (Nic) 3 have been synthesised fro
m commercially available 2-iodobenzyl alcohol in 20, 18 and 22% overal
l yield respectively via 7-, 8 and 9-endo Heck cyclisations.