A perturbation technique can be used to simplify and sharpen A. C. Yao
's theorems about the behavior of shellsort with increments (h,g,1). I
n particular, when h = Theta(n(7/15)) and g = Theta(h(1/5)), the runni
ng time is O(n(23/15)). The proof involves interesting properties of t
he inversions in random permutations that have been h-sorted and g-sor
ted. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.