This paper analyzes the asymptotic properties of a classical algorithm
: the adaptative sampling which solves the following problem; how to e
stimate the number M of distinct elements of a large collection of n d
ata. Using tools such as the random tree and techniques such as Mellin
transforms, combinatorial identities on Stirling numbers and Bessel f
unctions, we analyze all moments and the asymptotic distribution funct
ion of the algorithm. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.