The problem of optimal estimation of the internal temperature distribu
tion within a heated lossy medium from observations of thermal radiati
on is solved in the wave approximation. The block diagram of a thermot
omograph is proposed. Simplified versions of implementing the correlat
ion method (very complicated numerically) are considered. The potentia
l sensitivity of the algorithm is estimated. The possibility of defect
ing regions of similar to 1 mm(2) with a temperature contrast of simil
ar to 0.1 degrees C is demonstrated.