High-dose chemotherapy (with or without total body irradiation) follow
ed by allogenic marrow transplantation is curative for some patients w
ith advanced multiple myeloma. A relatively high transplant-related mo
rtality, however, limits the wider application of this approach. The c
hallenge for future studies will be to develop less toxic preparative
regimens, more efficient ways to prevent infection and graft-versus-ho
st disease, and methods to enhance the graft-versus-leukemia effect of
allografts.