Under certain circumstances patients with a constitutional predisposit
ion, mainly with a cervical rib or atypical ligaments and bands may de
velop a Thoracic-Outlet-Syndrome. Symptomatic disease shows neurogenic
, arterial and venous signs. Diagnostic tools like provocative maneuve
rs are suggestive, but sonography, arteriography and phlebography can
demonstrate a compression of arterial or venous structures. Transaxill
ary first rib resection should be considered, when conservative treatm
ent has failed.