REDUCTION OF CERIAS WITH DIFFERENT TEXTURES BY HYDROGEN AND THEIR REOXIDATION BY OXYGEN

Successive reduction steps of CeO2 particles by hydrogen between 300 a nd 1070 K have been followed by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and in situ magnetic measurements on several samples with different B ET surface areas. The nature of the phases present in cerias reduced b etween 670 and 1270 K was determined by X-ray analysis. Finally, reoxi dation by oxygen or air was studied at room temperature for all the re duced samples. Magnetic and TPR results show a direct relationship bet ween the degree of reduction and the BET surface area. Indeed, for mos t of the samples, the degree of reduction at 620-670 K determined by m agnetism corresponded to the creation of one layer of Ce3+ ions at the surface of the ceria. A similar relationship between the BET surface area and the extent of reduction was established using the area of the low-temperature TPR composite peak, the maximum of which was found to be constant at 810 K. When the reduction progresses further into the bulk, two main phases were evidenced: first, an expanded cubic CeO2-x phase derived from the initial ceria by a dilatation of the whole stru cture and, for deeply reduced samples, the hexagonal Ce2O3 phase. A ne w intermediate phase, cubic Ce2O3, was also observed on samples reduce d at 1070-1170 K. Complete reoxidation by oxygen occurs at room temper ature, for all reduction percentages below ca. 60%, i.e. as long as th e reduced phase remained in the cubic form. When the hexagonal Ce2O3 p hase has been formed, the reoxidation cannot be completed at 294 K.