FANTASTIC FLIES AND FLIGHTS OF FANCY

Examples of bizarre associations between Diptera (Cuterebridae, Simuli idae, and Phoridae) and other organisms (mammals and mosquitoes; mayfl y nymphs, crabs, and prawns; midge larvae, slug eggs, ladybird pupae, adult ants, stingless bees, and termites respectively) are discussed. The use of inference in the interpretation of particular features and adaptations (including sexual dimorphism, heterochrony, and ecological convergence) is illustrated. Evolution provides the only adequate con text for a proper interpretation of the phenomena discussed, which als o provide interesting challenges for the taxonomist.