The design of a bigrating for use as a beam splitter is presented. It
is based on a rigorous formulation of plane-wave scattering by a big-r
ating that is composed of two individual gratings oriented in differen
t directions. Numerical results are carried out to optimize the design
of a bigrating to perform 1 x 4 beam splitting in two dimensions and
to examine its fabrication and operation tolerances. It is found that
a bigrating can be designed to perform two functions: beam splitting a
nd polarization purification. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America.