Jl. Ruhl et De. Daniel, GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS PERMEATED WITH CHEMICAL SOLUTIONS AND LEACHATES, Journal geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, 123(4), 1997, pp. 369-381
Hydraulic conductivity tests were performed on five geosynthetic clay
liners (GCLs) using seven permeant liquids and three conditions of hyd
ration. The condition of hydration was found to be very important: muc
h lower hydraulic conductivity generally resulted when the first wetti
ng liquid was water rather than the chemical solution or leachate. The
GCLs had a high hydraulic conductivity when permeated directly with:
(1) simulated municipal solid waste (MSW) leachate that was rich in ca
lcium; (2) a strong acid solution; or (3) a strong base solution. The
GCLs maintained low hydraulic conductivity (1 x 10(-8) to 1 x 10(-10)
cm/s) when they were permeated with (1) simulated hazardous waste (HW)
leachate; (2) real MSW leachate; or (3) simulated fly ash leachate. G
CLs containing contaminant-resistant bentonite maintained a lower hydr
aulic conductivity than GCLs that contained regular bentonite for some
but not all permeant liquids.