Mental disorders are not only common-in the general population but are
also one of the most prevalent group of conditions seen in primary ca
re populations. The growing awareness of the need to organize services
at the primary care level has resulted in a large number of studies o
f the general population and those attending primary care. The general
population studies Show that majority of the ill people are not getti
ng treatment. Of those attending primary care, 3-35% are suffering fro
m depressive disorders, with a median value of 10%. Special population
groups have higher prevalence rates. Another emerging issue is the co
morbidity of anxiety disorders with depressive disorders, alcohol and
drug abuse and physical and mental disorders. There is growing recogni
tion of the burden of untreated depression on the individuals and comm
unity. Research is also emphasizing the role of social factors as caus
es. A number of innovative programmes of care and training materials f
or the primary care personnel have been developed both in developed an
d developing countries.