Stimulated by hormones and sensory stimuli, serpentine receptors promo
te the release of GDP that is bound to the a subunit of trimeric G pro
teins and its replacement by GTP. Recent investigations have begun to
define the sizes, shapes, and relative orientations of receptors and G
proteins, ?he surfaces through which they interact with one another,
and conformational changes in both sets of molecules that underlie rec
eptor-catalyzed guanine-nucleotide exchange.