CEREBRAL METASTASES IN CHILDHOOD MALIGNANCIES

Between January 1982 to June 1994, 154 children with non-CNS malignant tumours excluding leukaemias and lymphomas were admitted and treated at the UKMC. Symptomatic (10 cases; 6.5%) and non-symptomatic (2 cases ; 1.2%) cranial metastases (calvarial, dural and/or parenchymal) were seen in 12 (7.8%) cases. Among these 12 cases, 7 had intracranial pare nchymal metastases (4.5%). Three cases had multiple intracranial paren chymal metastases. Only one case had infratentorial (cerebellar) metas tasis. The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 18 years (mean age was 7.3 years). The male : female ratio was 5 : 2. While six patients' blain m etastases diagnosed during subsequent relapses, one patient first pres ented with brain metastasis. Time elapsed between the diagnosis of the primary disease and intracranial metastasis ranged from 0 to 755 days (mean 327 days). Histopathological diagnoses were confirmed in 4 case s who had craniotomy and tumour removal. Mean survival following the d iagnosis of intracranial lesion was 157 days (ranged from 0 to 412 day s). Despite the aggressive treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, 6 cases died with progression or relapse of the intr acranial disease. In conclusion, the incidence of paediatric intracran ial parenchymal metastasis is 4.5%. Prognosis is poor and intracranial disease is the primary cause of death.